wald’s chi square Search Results


90
CH Instruments asymptotic chi-square distribution of the wald statistic
Asymptotic Chi Square Distribution Of The Wald Statistic, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/asymptotic+chi+square+distribution+of+the+wald+statistic/pmc02834569-92-26-22
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
asymptotic chi-square distribution of the wald statistic - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments wald chi-squared test
Wald Chi Squared Test, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald+chi+square+test/pm39889557-74-6-7
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
wald chi-squared test - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments type ii wald chi-square tests
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Type Ii Wald Chi Square Tests, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/type+ii+wald+chi+square+test/pmc10082511-182-10-13
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
type ii wald chi-square tests - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments wald chi-square test of parameter equalities
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Wald Chi Square Test Of Parameter Equalities, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald+chi+square+test+of+parameter+equalities/10__1080_slash_17405629__2017__1360178-91-30-27
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
wald chi-square test of parameter equalities - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments wald log-linear chi-square test
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Wald Log Linear Chi Square Test, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald+log+linear+chi+square+test/pm26487592-71-17-19
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
wald log-linear chi-square test - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments nonlinear ecm neural network with 1 node in the first and second hidden layers
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Nonlinear Ecm Neural Network With 1 Node In The First And Second Hidden Layers, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald+type+test+using+the+chi+squared+distribution+with+1+degree+of+freedom/pmc09886459-295-30-5
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
nonlinear ecm neural network with 1 node in the first and second hidden layers - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments square value (χ 2)
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Square Value (χ 2), supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/square+value++wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square+/pmc11622666-6-0-0
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
square value (χ 2) - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments type iii wald’s chi-square test
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Type Iii Wald’s Chi Square Test, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/type+iii+wald+chi+square+test/pm34801736-239-16-16
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
type iii wald’s chi-square test - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments wald’s chi-squared test
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Wald’s Chi Squared Test, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/bio_rxiv__2024__01__17__575529-92-18-19
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
wald’s chi-squared test - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments wald chi-square test for linearity
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Wald Chi Square Test For Linearity, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald+chi+square+test+for+linearity/pm40298649-128-9-10
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
wald chi-square test for linearity - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments wald chi-square value minus degree of freedom
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Wald Chi Square Value Minus Degree Of Freedom, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald+chi+square+value+minus+degree+of+freedom/10__3171_slash_2016__11__spine16526-52-19-14
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
wald chi-square value minus degree of freedom - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

90
CH Instruments wald chi square 103.6
Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II <t>Wald</t> Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice
Wald Chi Square 103.6, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/wald%E2%80%99s+chi+square/wald+chi+square+103+6/pm38254460-90-7-10
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
wald chi square 103.6 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

Image Search Results


Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II Wald Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice

Journal: Molecular Autism

Article Title: The activation of mGluR4 rescues parallel fiber synaptic transmission and LTP, motor learning and social behavior in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome

doi: 10.1186/s13229-023-00547-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Enhanced SV docking of Fmr1 KO synapses and lack of an effect of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 µM, 10 min) increases SV docking in WT ( a, c, d ) but not in Fmr1 KO ( e, g, h ) PF-PC synapses. Isoproterenol induces an increasing trend in the number of docked vesicles (0–10 nm) in WT ( a ) (n = 250/3 and 203/3 synapses/mice: P = 0.059) at the expense of SVs within 10–20 nm, which decreased in number (*** P < 0.001). These changes are absent in Fmr1 KO slices ( e ) (n = 238/4 and 224/4 synapses/mice, 0–10 nm: P = 0.997; 10–20 nm: P = 0.988). Note the increase in SV at 10–20 nm in Fmr1 KO control as opposed to WT control slices ( ## P < 0.01). c, d, g, h Electron microscopy of PF-PC synapses. (B,F) The effect of isoproterenol on the SV distribution: WT (0–5 nm: *** P < 0.001); Fmr1 KO (0–5 nm: P > 0.05). Fmr1 KO control vs WT control at 0–5 nm ( ## P < 0.01). ( i ), Active Zone (AZ) length of WT (n = 250) and Fmr1 KO (n = 238) synapses ( P > 0.05). The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. Scale bar in ( c, d, g, h ) 100 nm. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with genotype and treatment as fixed effects, and animal subject as a random effect. P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II Wald Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice

Article Snippet: P-values for fixed effects and their interactions were obtained with type II Wald Chi-Square tests and post-hoc tests were adjusted with the Tukey HSD method ( a, b, e, f ) and unpaired student’s t test in ( i ). n is the number of synapses, many synapses were analyzed per slice and several slices per mice

Techniques: Control, Electron Microscopy